1984
APPLE II CLONES
NAME |
Apple II clones |
MANUFACTURER |
Apple |
TYPE |
Professional Computer |
ORIGIN |
Taïwan |
YEAR |
1984 |
END OF PRODUCTION |
Up to around 1990 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
AppleSoft BASIC |
KEYBOARD |
Generally with a numeric keypad and arrow keys |
CPU |
6502 |
SPEED |
1 MHz |
COPROCESSOR |
Sometimes a Z80 |
RAM |
64 KB |
ROM |
12 KB |
TEXT MODES |
40 x 24, 80 x 24 (with 80-column card) |
GRAPHIC MODES |
40 x 40-48 (16 colours), 280 x 192 (6 colours) |
COLORS |
16 |
SOUND |
One-channel loudspeaker |
I/O PORTS |
Tape recorder In/Out jacks, composite video, Analogue joysticks |
POWER SUPPLY |
Built-in PSU |
PERIPHERALS |
Same as the Apple II family |
APPLE II C
NAME |
APPLE IIc |
MANUFACTURER |
Apple |
TYPE |
Transportable |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
April 1984 |
END OF PRODUCTION |
1990 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
AppleSoft BASIC |
KEYBOARD |
Full-stroke 62 keys with arrows keys |
CPU |
MOS 65c02 |
SPEED |
1 MHz |
RAM |
128 KB |
ROM |
16 KB |
TEXT MODES |
40 or 80? chars. x 24 lines |
GRAPHIC MODES |
(only the full screen modes are listed here) : 40 x 48 (16 col) / 80 x 48 (16 col) / 280 x 192 (6 col) / 140 x 192 (16 col) / 560 x 192 (mono) |
COLORS |
16 maximum |
SOUND |
one channel. Built-in speaker |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
29(W) x 31(D) x 6(H) cm. |
I/O PORTS |
Monitor, Joystick/Mouse, RGB, Floppy Disk, RS232c (2) |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
one 5.25 |
OS |
DOS 3.3 or ProDOS |
POWER SUPPLY |
External 12 volt power supply unit |
APPLE MACINTOSH
NAME |
MACINTOSH |
MANUFACTURER |
Apple |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
January 1984 |
END OF PRODUCTION |
October 1st, 1985 |
KEYBOARD |
Full stroke 59-key |
CPU |
Motorola MC 68000 |
SPEED |
7.83 MHz |
RAM |
128 kb (expandable to 512 kb) |
ROM |
64 kb |
TEXT MODES |
40 chars x 32 lines bit-mapped pseudo-character mode |
GRAPHIC MODES |
512 x 342 dots |
COLORS |
black & white 9' ' monitor |
SOUND |
4 voices, 12 octave sound @ 22 kHz |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
13.6' ' (H) x 9.6' ' (W) x 10.9' ' (D) / 16.5 lbs |
I/O PORTS |
Two serial (RS 232/422) for printer and modem, mouse, external floppy drive, sound out |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
One 400k 3.5' ' internal floppy drive, 400K external drive optional |
OS |
Macintosh System 1.0 |
POWER SUPPLY |
Built-in power supply unit |
COMMODORE C116
NAME |
C116 |
MANUFACTURER |
Commodore |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Commodore BASIC 3.5 - Built-in machine code monitor (12 commands) |
KEYBOARD |
Chicklet keyboard, 65 keys with 4 function keys and 4 cursor keys |
CPU |
7501 |
SPEED |
0.89 MHz or 1.76 MHz |
COPROCESSOR |
VIC-II (video & sound) |
RAM |
16 KB (12 KB free for user) |
ROM |
32 KB |
TEXT MODES |
40 chars. x 25 lines |
GRAPHIC MODES |
320 x 200 / 320 x 160 (with 5 lines of text) / 160 x 200 / 160 x 160 (with 5 lines of text) |
COLORS |
121 (15 colours x 8 luminances + black) |
SOUND |
two channels; 4 octaves + white noise |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
Unknown |
I/O PORTS |
Tape, Cardridge, Joystick (2), serial, Composite Video, TV |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
Cassette unit. Provision for 5.25 |
OS |
ROM Based |
COMMODORE C16
NAME |
C16 |
MANUFACTURER |
Commodore |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Commodore BASIC 3.5 - Built-in machine code monitor (12 commands) |
KEYBOARD |
66 keys with 4 function keys and 4 cursor keys |
CPU |
7501 |
SPEED |
0.89 MHz or 1.76 MHz |
COPROCESSOR |
VIC-II (video & sound) |
RAM |
16 KB (12 KB free for user) |
ROM |
32 KB |
TEXT MODES |
40 chars. x 25 lines |
GRAPHIC MODES |
320 x 200 / 320 x 160 (with 5 lines of text) / 160 x 200 / 160 x 160 (with 5 lines of text) |
COLORS |
121 (15 colours x 8 luminances + black) |
SOUND |
two channels; 4 octaves + white noise |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
40.7 (W) x 20.4 (D) x 7.7 (H) cm |
I/O PORTS |
Tape, Cardridge, Joystick (2), serial, Composite Video, TV |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
Cassette unit. Provision for 5.25 |
OS |
ROM Based |
COMMODORE PC COMPATIBLE SYSTEM
NAME |
PC Compatible systems |
MANUFACTURER |
Commodore |
TYPE |
Professional Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
END OF PRODUCTION |
1993 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
None |
KEYBOARD |
84 keys (8088 systems), 102 keys (286 and above) |
CPU |
8088, 20286, 80386-SX, 80386 |
SPEED |
4.77 to 9.54 MHz (8088), 6 to 12 MHz (80286), 8 to 16 MHz (386SX), 25 MHz (80836) |
COPROCESSOR |
Optional Math coprocessor |
RAM |
640 KB to 2 MB according to models |
TEXT MODES |
40 or 80 chars x 25 lines |
GRAPHIC MODES |
From GCA (640 x 200) to SVGA (800 x 600), Hercules monochrome as well |
COLORS |
16 minimum in colour systems |
SOUND |
Tone generator |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
360 KB to 1.44 MB floppy discs, 20 to 200 MB hard disc |
OS |
All the available PC operating systems |
POWER SUPPLY |
Built-in power supply unit |
PERIPHERALS |
all 8, 16, 32 bit PC cards |
COMMODORE PLUS 4
NAME |
PLUS 4 - C232/264/364 |
MANUFACTURER |
Commodore |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Commodore BASIC 3.5. Built-in machine code monitor (12 commands) |
KEYBOARD |
Full stroke 67 keys with 4 function keys and 4 cursor keys |
CPU |
7501 |
SPEED |
0.89 MHz or 1.76 MHz |
RAM |
64 KB (60 KB free for user, and 48 KB free when used in high resolution) |
ROM |
64 KB |
TEXT MODES |
40 chars x 25 lines |
GRAPHIC MODES |
several modes, maximum : 320 x 200 dots |
COLORS |
121 (15 colours x 8 luminances + black) |
SOUND |
two channels; 4 octaves + white noise |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
42.3 (W) x 23.9 (D) x 6.7 (H) cm |
I/O PORTS |
Tape, Cardridge, Joystick (2), Floppy Disk, Printer, User port, RGB, expansion bus port, serial bus |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
Cassette unit. Provision for 170 KB 5.25' ' floppy disc unit |
HP-110
NAME |
HP-110 |
MANUFACTURER |
Hewlett Packard |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
None, but built-in software : |
KEYBOARD |
QWERTY / AZERTY mechanical keyboard |
CPU |
8086 CMOS |
SPEED |
5,33 Mhz |
RAM |
HP-110 : 272 kb (up to 176 kb can be used as a virtual disk) |
ROM |
384 kb (DOS and built-in applications) |
TEXT MODES |
HP-110 : 80 x 16 |
GRAPHIC MODES |
HP-110 : 480 x 128 |
COLORS |
No |
SOUND |
Beeper ? |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
32 x 25 x 7 cm / 4kg |
I/O PORTS |
HP-IL / HP-IB |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
Virtual RAM disk |
OS |
DOS 2.11 |
POWER SUPPLY |
Acid lead batteries (16h autonomy) |
PERIPHERALS |
Printer |
IBM AT
1985'te piyasaya sürülen ve bugünkü sekliyle PC'nin gerçek büyükannesi olan AT, Intel 80286 CPU üzerine insa edilmisti. Orijinal PC'ye göre bes kere daha hizliydi ve 16-bit standardinda kart kabul ediyordu. IBM firmasi, bu bilgisayarla, ISA denen anakart mimarisini bütün endüstrinin yararlanabilecegi sekilde kullanima açti. ISA bütün bilgisayar endüstrisi için standart mimari anlamina geliyordu; nitekim öyle de oldu. Bir anda yüzlerce sirket, AT ile uyumlu cihazlar imal etmeye basladi. Modemlerin, tarayici ve diger harici cihazlarin bilgisayara baglanmasinda kullanilan ara-birim kartlarinin bir anda magazalari doldurmasi, bu standardin gerçekten bütün endüstri tarafindan kabul edilmesiyle mümkün oldu. Ancak AT bilgisayarlarin anakart hizi bugünkülere oranla son derece düsük oldugu için böyle bir bilgisayarin yeni kartlarla güncellestirilmesi, yeni kartlara verilecek paranin çöpe atilmasi olur. IBM-AT bilgisayarin anakart büyüklügü, günümüzdeki modern kartlarla ayni olduguna göre, kasasinin bos kutu olarak degerlendirilip, içindeki herseyi degistirmek mümkündür. Ancak orijinal AT'nin güç birimine ayirdigi yer çok küçük oldugu için, yenilemek için göstereceginiz zahmet, bos kutu masrafindan saglayacaginiz tasarrufa degmeyecektir.
NAME |
PC AT |
MANUFACTURER |
IBM |
TYPE |
Professional Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Microsoft Basic interpreter |
KEYBOARD |
Full stroke keyboard with numeric keypad and function keys |
CPU |
Intel 80286 |
SPEED |
6 MHz |
RAM |
512 KB (up to 3 MB) |
ROM |
64 KB |
TEXT MODES |
80 x 24 / 40 x 24 |
GRAPHIC MODES |
EGA mode: 640 x 350 |
COLORS |
64 |
SOUND |
Beeper |
I/O PORTS |
8 x internal slots (six 16 bit ISA and two 8 bit ISA), RS232c, Centronics |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
one 5.25' ' disk-drive, various Hard disk drives, from 20 MB |
OS |
MS-DOS |
POWER SUPPLY |
Built-in switching power supply unit |
IBM PC JX
NAME |
PC JX |
MANUFACTURER |
IBM |
TYPE |
Home Computer |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
October 1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Advanced BASIC (Same as PCjr) |
KEYBOARD |
Full stroke 79-key with 10 function-key and arrow keys |
CPU |
Intel 8088 |
SPEED |
4.77 MHz |
COPROCESSOR |
No 8087 socket |
RAM |
JX :64k (up to 512k) |
VRAM |
JX : 16k |
ROM |
128k |
TEXT MODES |
40 or 80 chars. x 25 lines in 8 colors |
GRAPHIC MODES |
320 x 200 / 640 x 200 (16 colors) / 720 x 512 (2 colors) |
COLORS |
16 |
SOUND |
3 channels, 8 octaves |
I/O PORTS |
2 cartridge ports (64 KB each), Centronics (optional), RS232, Joystick, Light Pen |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
2 x 3.5' ' disk-drives |
OS |
MS DOS 2.1 |
POWER SUPPLY |
Built-in power supply unit |
PERIPHERALS |
Expansion unit - Houses a 5.25' ' FDD and 5 expansion slots |
IBM PC PORTABLE
NAME |
PC Portable - Model 5155 |
MANUFACTURER |
IBM |
TYPE |
Transportable |
ORIGIN |
U.S.A. |
YEAR |
1984 |
BUILT IN LANGUAGE |
Basic |
KEYBOARD |
QWERTY / AZERTY mechanical keyboard |
CPU |
Intel 8088 |
SPEED |
4.77 Mhz |
COPROCESSOR |
8087 arithmetic co-processor |
RAM |
256 kb (up to 640 kb) |
ROM |
40 kb |
TEXT MODES |
25 x 80 |
GRAPHIC MODES |
CGA modes : 320 x 200 / 640 x 200 |
COLORS |
9' ' built-in amber display |
SOUND |
Beeper |
SIZE / WEIGHT |
50 x 43 x 20 cm / 13,6 kg |
I/O PORTS |
7 expansion slots |
BUILT IN MEDIA |
1 or 2 x 5' '1/4 disk-drives (360k) |
OS |
PC-DOS 2.1 |
POWER SUPPLY |
100-240 v, 50-60 Hz |